Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Rebuttal essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reply - Essay Example Governmental policy regarding minorities in society generally implies giving special treatment to different gatherings in the public eye either for scholarly or work purposes. These strategies are focused to battle separation that has tormented American social orders for quite a long time. Definitely, America is alluded as a â€Å"melting pot† the same number of people originate from various foundations. While governmental policy regarding minorities in society is a strong endeavor to make amends the transgressions of past decades, governmental policy regarding minorities in society should be dispensed with since it prompts special treatment, settles for the easiest option for execution, and prompts turn around separation. The creator contends that governmental policy regarding minorities in society demand that assorted variety in school will deliver an additionally sustaining condition. In spite of the fact that that might be consistent with a specific degree, it doesn't lessen the way that a various study hall is gotten from various suppositions, not really from a race setting. It isn't right to accept that different homeroom will advance more thoughts since race has little to do with development. A few understudies that are not conceded dependent on a legitimacy status battle to exceed expectations in their posts. For example, a person who gets acknowledged to frameworks examiner position at IBM, will keep on battling on the off chance that he doesn't comprehend the essentials of the board data frameworks. On the off chance that that specific individual isn't equipped for dealing with the convoluted errands anticipated from him, at that point obviously he ought not have been utilized. The most notic eably terrible part is the way that it has isolated the nation profoundly in the issue as the blemishes of this enactment are profound to such an extent that it gives a favorable position to minorities. The entire thought of opposite separation is a colossal blemish in the author’s rationale in light of the fact that the creator demands it opens new entryways for circumstances. In any case, the creator neglects to deliver that it prompts particular treatment. Envision a situation wherein a Caucasian and a minority both go after a high-capability position. For the

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Moral Development and Domestic Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Moral Development and Domestic Violence - Essay Example Hence, the brutality is done not exclusively to one's physical body, yet it influences one's passionate state. Here a couple of components of aggressive behavior at home will be tended to. To begin with, it will be analyzed what precisely is good turn of events, aggressive behavior at home, and kinds of misuse. Furthermore, the characters of the person in question and the abuser will be examined, including the outcomes of aggressive behavior at home. Third, lastly, considers, declarations, formative characteristics, and abusive behavior at home avoidance will be examined. There will likewise be a segment committed to closing considerations and other editorial. Moral advancement includes the development of an individual's still, small voice after some time. With respect to the individual being manhandled, her virtues certainly can shape the relationship. For instance, if a casualty keeps on showing careless good conduct around the abuser, this can accordingly dissolve her body of evidence against her abuser if her case is prosecuted. The offended party (the person in question) will in all probability be assaulted by the abuser's legal advisor in court, who will make allegations about the casualty's ethical laxity. The ethical advancement of the casualty after some time will without a doubt bear itself out, and once certain moves have been made, the casualty can't recover these activities. Or maybe, the activities of the casualty may cause issues down the road for her. In this way, it is significant for survivors of aggressive behavior at home to attempt to lead experience that are unquestionably sound. This is a significant rule on the grou nds that, in court, the abuser's attorney will no uncertainty attempt to dishonor the person in question. Accordingly, it is a head favorable position to the casualty to have total and all out control of her life, in this manner not giving the abuser any influence. On the off chance that the casualty is ethically careless, it makes it simpler for the abuser's barrier group to wreck the casualty again just this time in a court. Clearly, remembering snapshots of misuse once all the messy clothing of a terrible relationship is being publicized is anything but a lovely encounter, yet the casualty should now and again have occurrences like these in which she should face her abuser in a chaste manner. This is where the lady at long last has control and can depend on herself to be the sturdy in a questionable world. The ethical improvement of the abuser must now be taken into question. No ifs, ands or buts, the ethics of the abuser are certainly going to be being referred to. What establis hes the ethical advancement of an abuser The abuser might be intentionally or unconsciously manhandling someone else, and that isn't past their control. Nonetheless, one should honestly solicit oneself what the state from psyche of an abuser is so as to hurt another person. It is basically unconscionable what one individual can do to another. The ethical advancement of somebody who is an abuser is clearly hindered in some sense. Somebody who manhandles someone else doesn't have a decent handle on virtues which direct that people ought to be dealt with modestly and with at any rate warmth if not graciousness. Nonetheless, the abuser is truly not an individual who has the best ethics in any case to start at any rate. An abuser is somebody who is scheming, mischievous, and demanding in their expectation to hurt someone else as a rule, yet not constantly, a lady and here and there a kid. The abuser might be

Thursday, July 30, 2020

Trendy Reif Strikes Again

Trendy Reif Strikes Again University presidents are the black suit-wearing overseers who sit at the back of every school event while silently staring at everyone with looks of disapproval. Except theyre not like that at all. Theyre vibrant and full of personality and theyre breaking the stereotype of the university president. My favorite example of such continues to be MIT President L. Rafael Reif, who always surprises students by doing quirky things in an otherwise formal job, like taking a selfie before giving his speech at the 148th Commencement. On Friday, August 22nd 2014 at 11am, President L. Rafael Reif was doused with ice water from a ten foot tall wooden contraption built by MIT Fraternity Phi Delta Theta. Then he was doused with ice water from another ten foot tall wooden contraption built by MIT Fraternity Pi Lambda Phi. Reif was nominated twice for the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge, one by Harvard President Drew G. Faust and the second by MITs Edgerton Center. He was joined for his first drench by Chancellor Cynthia Barnhart SM 86, PhD 88 and Provost Marty Schmidt SM 83, PhD 88, as well as by volunteers in the audience. The ALS Ice Bucket Challenge is a viral social media trend aimed at raising awareness of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, aka Lou Gherigs disease. The challenge is to dump ice water on yourself, donate $100 to the ALS Association, or do both, and then publish the video onto social media with a list of new nominees and a link back to the ALS Association donation page. The trend has been questioned by many as people and celebrities began doing the challenge while neglecting linking to the cause but the challenge has no doubt raised over $80 million, according the ALS Associations website. Reif dedicated the event to Karolina Fraczkowska 01, whose husband, Thomas Phelan, passed away from ALS earlier in the summer. Reif challenged Undergrad Association President Shruti Sharma 15, MIT Graduate Student Council President Kendall Nowocin SM 13, Caltech President Thomas F. Rosenbaum, UC Berkeley Chancellor Nicholas B. Dirks, and Brown University President Christina Paxson. When I arrived to the event I saw fancy cameras all over the place, so I knew if my video was to compete, I would have to get a great view. Shuffling my way through the crowd, I got the front row on the left side where I could see all of the action. Someone was in front me but he was crouching down so I didnt worry about it. That is, until

Friday, May 22, 2020

Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen - 1271 Words

In the 19th century England love and marriage were concepts that weren’t very closely related. The novel â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† by Jane Austen, centers on the importance of marriage as one of life’s most important treasures and life’s greatest source of happiness. As the book title so rightfully depicts, pride and prejudice was demonstrated by the various social classes against each other as per the moral and social expectations of that society. Austen presents the reader with two main factor about relationships that are each based around different struggles including social class, love and marriage especially as it impacts the relationship between Elizabeth and Darcy. First, many choose marriage for its social benefits and image of respectability. Social class within Pride and Prejudice plays a key role throughout the novel. Social class not only determines where one is placed in the class structure, but also the amount of land, money and luxuries. Through her books, Jane Austen expressed and described the times in which she lived in. Just like in her time, in the book, there are endless prejudices and standards that come from social classes. In essence, what society thinks is more important than spending the rest of your life with someone you love. Just like in our world today, money was as much a social currency as it was a means of exchange for goods and services, really just reassurance of a better more stable home and future. Elizabeth, the main protagonist, comesShow MoreRelatedPride And Prejudice By Jane Austen Essay1724 Words   |  7 PagesThe 18th century novel, Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen, is a fascinating book about a young w oman’s struggle with family and love. Pride and Prejudice was originally published in 1813, but, the most common version of the story, and the one used for this research, is from the version published in 1892, still by only Jane Austen, though many other authors have contributed to this book over time. Austen often references the class system at the time, often noting one of the multiple heroine’s struggleRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen1467 Words   |  6 Pages Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen is a classic novel that has remained relevant even years after its release. Its themes and symbols are understandable to even the most modern of reader. One of the many themes is sisterhood, something that is focused on constantly throughout the novel. Elizabeth Bennet, the protagonist of the novel, finds many of her decisions to be based upon the actions of her sisters. Making sisterhood a main driving force. Whether they are confiding in each other for marriageR ead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen872 Words   |  4 PagesIn my personal cherished novel, Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen, the worlds of two immensely divergent people display the marxist idea of the importance of social status and its affect on the people. The two main characters seem to be on opposite ends of the earth in terms of an affluent Mr. Darcy being so privileged while on the contrary, Miss Elizabeth Bennet is of a lower class. Throughout the novel, there is a fine distinction between their clashing opinions and actions that are highly influencedRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen Essay1711 Words   |  7 Pageshe 18th century novel, Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen, is a fascinating book about a young woman’s struggle with family and love. Pride and Prejudice was originally published in 1813, but, the most common version of the story, and the one used for this research, is from the version published in 1892, still by only Jane Austen, thou gh many other authors have contributed to this book over time. Austen often references the class system at the time, often noting one of the multiple heroine’s struggleRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen1285 Words   |  6 PagesPride and Prejudice Analysis I.Introduction Jane Austen wrote her novels during the time period known as the Regency. The Enlightenment and the Age of Reason, a time where ideas like democracy, secularism, and the rise of developing sciences were making their way across Europe had come to an end.It was replaced with the wave of horror that was the French Revolution, a once minor revolt that escalated into a violent war, concluding with the rise of Napoleon, which whom England fought against the majorityRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen1384 Words   |  6 PagesNicole Voyatzis Professor W. Acres HISTORY 1401E May 26, 2015 Discussion Paper - Pride and Prejudice Pride and Prejudice written in 1813 by Jane Austen tells the story of The Bennet’s and their five unmarried daughters. The family live as part of the lower gentry in early 19th century England. With that being said, Mrs. Bennet’s primary focus in life is to ensure that all her daughters are married, preferably to wealthy men. The book begins with Mrs. Bennet seeing an opportunity for her daughtersRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen1570 Words   |  7 PagesThe comical novel Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen depicts the love life of women in the early 1800’s. Austen shows the hardships young women in that time period had to go threw to find their place in this world. Women were thought of as objects to the men, they were supposed to be stay at home mothers, or simple just a accessory to their partner. Women were the subordinates in life, as they still are today. Austen tells the story of how Mrs. Bennet (a mother of 5) works tirelessly to get her daughte rsRead MoreJane Austen: Pride and Prejudice 1086 Words   |  5 PagesJane Austen, born December 16, 1775, was an English novelist whose works of romantic fiction earned her a place as one of the most widely read authors in English literature. Austen’s novels critique the life of the second half of the eighteenth century and are part of the transition to nineteenth-century realism. Though her novels were by no means autobiographical, her fictional characters do shed light on the facts of her life and but more importantly, they offered aspiring writers a model of howRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen914 Words   |  4 Pages Bell 1 Natalie Bell Pedersen English 4 honors 29 February 2016 Pride and Prejudice Essay Jane Austen s novel, Pride and Prejudice, focuses on the social conflicts of England during the 1800s. Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy fall in love, and face social criticism. Mr. Darcy struggles with the ideology of societal expectations while falling in love with Elizabeth Bennet. After persistent self-reflection, Mr. Darcy overcomes the stereotype of whom he should marry, and marries ElizabethRead More Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen 1104 Words   |  5 Pagesrate of over 50% from 1970-2010. However, during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, marriage was often one of the few choices for a woman’s occupation. Reading Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen from the twenty-first century perspective might make some matters that are stressed in the book seem dated or trivial. As Pride and Prejudice was set sometime during the Napoleonic Wars, it is only fitting that finding a proper marriage is on the minds of many of the women in the book. Marriage and marrying

Sunday, May 10, 2020

One of the Most Incredibly Disregarded Solutions for Writing a Thesis Paper Website

One of the Most Incredibly Disregarded Solutions for Writing a Thesis Paper Website If you would like to enroll for the Master Thesis Management, you need to be able to graduate. Thesis is the report of a research work achieved by someone in his subject of study. Nowadays you have a working thesis! Want to Know More About Writing a Thesis Paper Website? In order to create an offer letter easily and in a limited time period, you will come across a selection of proposal manufacturing software easily on the marketplace. You would like a thesis topic that will entice others' attention as well as continue to keep your attention. Each strategy at first before you're in learning driving sense. Explore the regions where you have basic understanding. If you're writing a thesis for the very first time, you have to be careful and take time to prepare a great paper. Use a single sentence to describe how you'll introduce the paper. You definitely don't need to ask anybody to compose my thesis paper. Before you start writing the paper, determine what you already know and what it is you are looking forward to learn. Write my essay for me help have to be efficient and quick. If you understand how to write the standard essay, you certainly understand how to compose a thesis paper. A thesis is regarded as a crucial paper necessary for achieving academic success. Understanding how to compose a research paper thesis provides you an upper hand in college. Considering spending hours in the library offers you the chills. Possessing a template will probably make new suggestions less problematic for you, leaving you to concentrate on writing the specifics. Let's say you pay for over 10 orders for the length of a training course. So you wish to compose a dissertation with a minimum quantity of struggles. The APA thesis writing is also called the American Psychological Association style and it's the more prevalent format of the two. If you make a point, consult with the text. Often part of the Introduction, but may be a distinct section. The APA thesis writing formats heading in accordance with the degree of headings in the report. Just because is not a great reason behind an argument. Say more than that which is already verified fact. Let's now examine the thesis statement a bit more closely. The sort of the essay needs to be decided before formulating the thesis and writing thesis statement being they must match the kind of the attempt. There are various approaches and unique approaches to compose a thesis statement. Guarantee that the tone and general language sounds right. Writing a Thesis Paper Website and Writing a Thesis Paper Website - The Perfect Combination A great idea should present the field as well as the comment about your position. A thorough description of your idea ought to be in the body portion of your paper. It is simple to drift away from the subject and incorporate unnecessary information that may not be truly proving your point. You post a personalized essay request on our auction-style website. So, as soon as a student makes the decision to purchase a thesis online, we do advise he or she makes proper inquiry prior to making any financial decisions about getting a thesis online. In general, cat juggling needs to be banned since it's icky for men and women who need to deal with the kids who watch cat juggling performances. Lastly originality is crucial. At the time that your skills improve, writing begins to feel as a task you really appreciate. Students have plenty of essays and research papers to write, therefore there's nothing unusual in the simple fact that professional writers mostly. In addition, it has to be written utilizing a conventional writing style. What You Must Know About Writing a Thesis Paper Website You should supply a thesis early in your essay in the debut, or in longer essays in the second paragraph as a way to establish your position and provide your reader a feeling of direction. A thesis statement is a condensed overview of your whole essay. It is one sentence. It is one of the most important elements of any successful essay.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Marketing Week Free Essays

The consumer will have convenient remonstration while traveling and while not having to pay for a taxi or bus service. D. Television Home Shopping Programs: The consumer will experience convenience from not having to go anywhere to shop, and they can find good deals on all sorts of merchandise. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Week or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2 Each of the four products, services, or programs in question 1 has substitutes. Respective examples ( a ) a ham and egg breakfast, (b ) regular tennis shoes, (c ) taking a bus, ( d ) a department store. What consumer benefits might these substitutes have in each case that some consumers might value more highly than those mentioned in question 1 ? A. A Ham and egg sandwich: It may be more appealing to a consumer to eat food instead of a drink. The meal may contain more protein and keep the consumer fuller than the drink. B. Regular Tennis Shoes: The shoes can be used for multiple functions, and they may cost much less. C. Taking a Bus: You will not have to deal with any part of the rental car, like papers, picking it up, and driving it back. Taking the bus can be much keeper and you will not have to find a parking spot. What are the characteristics (e. G. Age, income, education) of the target market customers for the following products or services? A ) National Geographic magazine, ( b ) People magazine, ( c ) New York Giants football team, ( d ) the U. S. Open tennis tournament. A. National Geographic: The target would be people interested in nature and photography of any age since that is what the magazine centers around. 8. People Magazine: The target would be people who want to catch up on the latest celebrity and trending news. Think the target audience is older people, possibly teens or older, but any could enjoy this magazine. C. New York Giants Football Team: This target audience is people interested in football. The stereotypical audience would be older ales but of course females and kids like football too. D. The U. S. Open Tennis Tournament: This would target sports fans, specifically tennis ones. There isn’t an age target here since anyone can like tennis. 4 A college in a metropolitan area wishes to increase its evening-school offerings Of business- related courses such as marketing, accounting, finance, and management. Who are the target market customers (students) for these courses? A. The target students would be people with full time day jobs, adults with full time jobs or children/family to take care of, or people who do not like to get up early for school. What actions involving the four marketing mix elements might be used to reach the target market in question 4? Promotion, Product, Place, and Price A. Promotion: Different methods can be used to promote the night classes so people can see that they are being offered. Posters or emails could be sent out to students. B. Product: Night time classes differ from day time ones because of the time they are taught. This will really sell the night time classes to the target group. C. Place: The location will also help get more people involved in the night time classes. If it is convenient to any people, say right n campus, then more will sign up. D. Price: If the price of each class is fairly reasonable, students will sign up through that school instead of a different one. 6 What environmental forces (uncontrollable variables) must the college in question 4 consider in designing Its marketing program? A. 7 Does a firm have the right to â€Å"create† wants and try to persuade consumers to buy goods and services they didn’t know about earlier? What are examples of â€Å"good† and â€Å"bad† want creation? Who should decide what is good and bad? A. It is hard to say if a firm can â€Å"create† wants, but I would say they definitely o create them whether they mean to or not. Think they do have a right to, but to a point. They can’t force people to want something; people may or may not like it. B. Good Example: A good example would be promoting a 100% fruit juice for children. It is healthy and tastes good. They could want it, and it wouldn’t be something harmful to their health. C. Bad Example: A bad example would be something that is dangerous to the target audience. Like say guns or knives that are targeted for middle school children. IT can be harmful to them. D. It is hard to say who should decide what is good and ad. If something is incredibly bad I think something of higher power should decide. Like if it is a food product then the head of the department of agriculture could decide. BUILDING YOUR MARKETING PLAN If your j instructor assigns a marketing plan for your class, don’t make a face and complain about the work – for two special reasons. First, you will get insights into trying to actually â€Å"do marketing† that often go beyond what you can get by simply reading the textbook. Second, thousands of graduating students every year get their first job by showing prospective employers a portfolio† of samples of their written work from college – often a marketing plan if they have one. This can work for you. This â€Å"Building Your Marketing Plan† section at the end of each chapter suggests ways to improve and focus your marketing plan. You will use the sample marketing plan in Appendix A (following Chapter 2) as a guide, and this section after each chapter will help you apply those Appendix A ideas to your own marketing plan. The first step in writing a good marketing plan is to have a business or product that enthuses you and for which you can get detailed information, so oh can avoid glittering generalities. We offer these additional bits of advice in selecting a topic: Do pick a topic that has personal interest for you – a family business, a business or product you or a friend might want to launch, or a student organization needing marketing help. Do not pick a topic that is so large it can’t be covered adequately or so abstract it will lack specifics. Now to get you started on your marketing plan, list four or five possible topics and compare these with the criteria your instructor suggests and those shown above. Think hard because your decision will be with you all term and ay influence the quality of the resulting marketing plan you show to a prospective employer. Affordable Fashion: From trendy clothing to stylish shoes Pro: Affordable Con: Other Companies like it Dress for a cause: f or every special event dress bought, one is donated to girls in need Pro: good cause, many people buy special occasion dresses Con: Price? Spike: trendy shoes for a reasonable price Pro: good prices for shoes, many women want to buy them Con: Other companies, ex. Just FAA, Shoe Dazzle Edam Lips: Cruelty Free, All Natural, good on sensitive skin, lip products Pro: Many women buy cosmetics, good product (all natural/ cruelty free) Con: Many other cosmetic companies, other brands with cruelty free or all natural, ex. ONYX or Burrs Bees 2 When you have selected your marketing plan topic, whether the plan is for an actual business, a possible business, or a student organization, write the â€Å"company description† in your plan, as shown in Appendix A. Possible Business- Edam: Edam provides luxury for your lips. With lip sticks, lip gloss, lip stains, lip liners, and more. Have faith in your Edam products. They are never tested on animals, always made with all natural products, and never harmful to hose with sensitive skin. Extravagance you can see, at a price that won’t hurt your wallet. Find everything you need for your perfect lip look with Edam. VIDEO CASE QUESTIONS 1 (a) How did m’s David Winooski get ideas from college students to help him in designing the final commercial version of the Post-it Flag Highlighter? B) How were these ideas important to the SUCCeSS of the product? A. He first looked in the students’ backpacks to get a feel for what many students used on a day to day basis. He early highlighter models and interviewed students to see what their needs were. B. By seeing what the students would use and want, Winooski was able to create a successful product. His tests and trials were put to good u se, as he ditched the failed ones and improved on the successful ones. 2 What (a) special advantages and (b) potential problems did MM have in introducing a new highlighter-with-flags product for college students? A. Special Advantages: They created a brand new product that no one had ever used before. It could be something that only they would make money off of. B. Potential Problems: Since the product was new, it still could not work out for them. People could not buy it as they hoped they would. In turn they could then lose money. 3 Visit your college bookstore before you answer. (a) Where would you display the Post-it Flag Highlighter in a college bookstore, and (b) how can the display increase student awareness of the product? A. Would display it by the other school supplies. I would put it towards the front of the display so students can see it. B. Students can see the product and buy it. Other students can see them with it and in turn buy it as well, thus increase sales. 4 In what ways might MM try to promote its Post- t Flag Highlighter and make students more aware of the product? A. They could put ads in magazine that are targeted to students. When students read the magazine, they will see the product and may want to buy it. How to cite Marketing Week, Essays

Wednesday, April 29, 2020

Ma r x i sm Essays - Politics, Thought, Philosophy, Marxism

Ma r x i sm In my report I will be analysing the presence of Marxism in F.S.K Fitzgerald's book, The Great Gatsby '. Whilst viewing this book through a critical lens, I discovered that many examples in the text work together to show the Marxist literary theory, of how everything relates back to wealth and financial status, reflecting on the economic experiences of the author. The particular aspects of this novel I will be focusing on are theme and characterisation . The Great Gatsby' is quite centred on the theme of money and how it will inevitably affect one's life. Money, wealth and class are central themes which fuel the plot, and the way in which characters act, think, interact with the other characters, and are portrayed. Power and money are intricately co-related, as having one typically - but not always means the other is present, whilst lacking one means the other is absent. In the Jazz age of the 20's, when this book is set, the amount of money you had defined what class you were in. Even within the category of rich' there were sub-categories, such as safer or old' money, which is when families have been wealthy for many generations. New' money is somewhat frowned upon, and looked on with suspicion and contempt by the aristocracy, who pride themselves on having been affluent for generations. The characters portray Marxist ideas, through Fitzgerald's representation of the different classes, and his interpretation of how their class defines their experience. The theory of Marxism was created by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the 19th century, who perceived human history to have consisted of a series of struggles between classes - the oppressed and the oppressing.' The bourgeois and the proletariat are the two classes of people in society. According to Marxists, the proletariat are the peasants, the hard working low class with very little to show for their efforts and the bourgeois is the upper class, who according to Marx and Engels reap the benefits of the proletariats labour . Marx believed that for the uprising and rebellion of the proletariats to be successful, it must be swift and violent and many of the current ruling class will perish because the former presiding class will not give up without a fight and their death will be the only way to win the revolution. Marxism believed that the class system and the large gap between the rich and poor would be bridged by the removal of capitalism, and returning the means of production to the lower and middle class people. This would lead to a classless' society which governs itself, where everyone is equal. Marxism in literature relates to class differences ; economic and otherwise, as well as the implications and complications of the capitalist system. It attempts to reveal the ways in which our socioeconomic system is the ultimate source of our experience.